Let me introduce you to a fictitious person after my twisted imagination: Jean-Charles (JC for intimate). Jean-Charles was an alcoholic. He tried several times to back up the hill but without success. Currently, he is unemployed and his family are worried that it spends too much of his unemployment benefits to satisfy his penchant for drinking. While it does not have an easy childhood - he holds his father's alcoholism - but "This is not an excuse!" said her brother who, himself, believes he succeeded in life with the same constraints.
Unfortunately, the state of the liver by Jean-Charles has deteriorated recently. Suffering from cirrhosis for some time, it will need a liver transplant in the coming months. Organs are scarce, if can find a liver nine Jean-Charles, this will necessarily be to the detriment of another person.
I suggest you put yourself in the shoes of a decision-maker, which recently received a liver in good condition. In the waiting list for transplants, it is the turn of Jean-Charles. Will you allow that liver transplant, or would you give to someone else who "deserves better"?
Behind this question of social justice perverted creeps another question, more socio-economic development: are we responsible for our health? Jean-Charles is an alcoholic, so some will say, "he many sought his cirrhosis! ". If he had been the effort to wean his alcoholism, he would not be here. Others, however, take his defense by pointing to the fact that his own father was an alcoholic and therefore it is rather a victim of circumstances in which he lived.
Efforts and circumstances are two elements that may explain the fact that some are healthy and others not. The question is whether the inequalities in health are rather due to one or the other. And the answer, provided by Sandy Tubeuf Florence Jusot and Alain Trannoy , stark in favor of the two variables!
At this stage of the ticket, I take paris! In your opinion, what is the right answer?
Well, according to their work, the circumstances are much more important determinants of health efforts. The ups and downs of childhood explain between 25% and 40% of inequalities in health, while effort is only responsible for 6% to 10% of inequality (the rest is related to demographic factors).
We should therefore perhaps not blame Jean-Charles for what happens to him, because ultimately, what this work shows is that if one had been in his place, he would most likely follow the same path.
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